Nonfarm payroll employment continued its largest period of recovery and expansion during 2019, although the annual job gain was smaller than in the previous year. labor market was strong and the unemployment rate fell to 3.5 percent-the lowest rate since 1969. 4 Social media was in its infancy: MySpace debuted in August 2003, followed by Facebook in February 2004. The launch of the first iPhone would not occur until 2007. This technology would pave the way for video-calling 3 however, the widespread use of smartphones was still yet to come. 2 The unemployment rate rose during the first half of 2003 and then fell to 5.9 percent, ending the year about where it started.īy 2003, 3G technology was made available for cell phones, which allowed faster data-transmission speeds so that consumers could use their cell phones in more data-demanding ways. In 2003, factors such as the lingering effects from the late 1990s technology bubble and the 2001 recession, as well as state and local government budget crises, led to continued job losses or to rates of employment growth slower than seen in prior years. Societal differences in 20īefore examining time use of millennials and members of Generation X, it is helpful to illustrate the important economic and technological differences between 20. Unless otherwise noted, all data presented in this article are from the ATUS. Besides the data in the time diary, the ATUS includes information about household composition, demographics, labor force status, and more. When some respondents report doing more than one activity at a time (for example, watching TV while preparing dinner) and cannot separate the activities into distinct time intervals, they are asked to identify which activity was their main activity, and this is what the interviewer records. 1 For each activity reported, respondents are asked how long the activity lasted, and this information is recorded in a time diary. The ATUS provides nationally representative estimates on how, where, and with whom Americans ages 15 and over spend their time. In light of this interest, I use 20 data from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) to examine how millennials and members of Generation X spent their time when both generations were ages 23 to 38. In 2019, millennials were the same ages as members of Generation X in 2003. In particular, comparisons between generations are often made when they were the same ages. ![]() Research papers and media stories make frequent references to millennials, Generation X (Generation Xers), baby boomers, and the Silent Generation. Generational cohorts have long interested demographers, social scientists, researchers, and others. However, millennial men spent more time playing games on an average day than did men in Generation X, and millennial women spent less time reading for leisure than did women in Generation X. ![]() Each generation spent nearly the same amount of time in leisure and sports activities overall. Each generation spent nearly the same amount of time working on an average day, and the men of each generation spent more time working than their female counterparts. On the other hand, millennials were more likely to spend time providing animal and pet care than were members of Generation X. Millennials were less likely to spend time doing housework, caring for and helping household members, and purchasing goods and services than were members of Generation X. I use American Time Use Survey data from these years to examine how millennials in 2019 and members of Generation X in 2003 spent their time on an average day. In 2019, millennials were the same ages-23 to 38 years-as members of Generation X in 2003. Generational cohorts in the United States have long interested demographers, social scientists, researchers, and others. January 2022 Time use of millennials and Generation X: differences across time Time use of millennials and Generation X: differences across time
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